Fruit tree

 

Small farmers' language: In winter , when the fruit trees enter the dormant period , various pests and diseases also enter the wintering stage. Pests and diseases that are in a dormant state of wintering , although they have a strong ability to tolerate adverse environments , are limited in number, inactive, and concentrated in wintering places. Thus, the winter is the favorable opportunity of pest control, integrated control measures can be used with the cultivation and management, pruning fruit trees combination method is simple, a multi-treatment method, too, can play a multiplier effect. In addition , the winter season is the slack season , the labor force is not tense , and the deciduous fruit trees are easy to be evenly and evenly sprayed , and the effect of saving medicine is good. Therefore, the use of winter favorable opportunity to do pest control, to ensure high-yield fruit trees, and stable is important. The winter fruit tree control measures are summarized below.

 

1 , cut off the diseased branches

 

Many pests overwinter in buds, shoots, and leaves in the form of eggs and egg masses , and the bacteria overwinter on the diseased branches. For example, apple powdery mildew is based on hyphae in bud scales, thin diseased branches, wintering on new shoots, and anthracnose in winter with dried hyphae, broken branches, diseased fruit and diseased fruit , in these places. In winter, there are pear stem peaks, apple red spider eggs, yellow thorn moth eggs, apple rot pathogens and the like. Above overwintering pests and diseases, should be combined with winter pruning, cut off dry twigs, worms branches, removal of disease stiff fruit, in addition to net overwintering eggs cocoon and concentrated fire deep in order to reduce litter infection source of a variety of diseases and population quantity. The wounds caused by pruning must be protected with Bordeaux mixture, 843 rehabilitating agent and rotifying solution .

 

2 , clean orchard

 

Many pests and germs that are harmful to fruit trees are wintering in fallen leaves and weeds , so weeds, dead branches, fallen leaves, fallen fruits, and dead trees in the orchard should be removed. Bacteria such as apple leaf spot, gray leaf spot disease of pear scab and other places in winter weeds broken branches and leaves, grape white rot, brown rot of peach pathogen most residues in the winter fruit, pear Most of the pests such as cockroaches, pear nets, and golden moths are overwintering in weeds ; the pests such as the leaf curler and the spider mites are mostly in the tree hole, and the winter is cut at the kerf , which can eliminate the wintering pathogen by cleaning. The role of [3] . It is best to clear the time in the early winter season , and concentrate all the cleared things to burn or pile up to make fertilizer.

 

3 , fruit tree scraping

 

Fruit tree scraping is a key measure to control fruit tree pests in winter. There is a farmer : "If you want to eat pears , you can scrape the bark every year." Because many of the germs that damage the branches of the fruit are lurking in the old skin, the skin and the cracks. In the rough skin cracks of fruit trees, there are many latent winter pests , such as caterpillars, pears, apple leaf curlers, pear small heartworms, hawthorn leafhoppers, etc. , through careful and careful scraping , not only can these pests and diseases be eliminated , but also can be updated. Bark that promotes tree growth. Fruit tree scraping should master 4 points : First, the time of scraping should be carried out before the winter soil is frozen and before the spring horror ; secondly , the scraping should be thorough , not only the trunk of the tree , the rough and the stalk of all the branches of the fruit tree should be skin scraping; third blade rubber to a suitable depth, to master "tree, the tree should be weak light; tree, the tree should be re-Wang" principle; Fourth covered with plastic sheeting to trees during frying, in order to Collect and destroy.

 

4 , the trunk is painted white

 

    Whitening of the trunk can reduce sunburn and freezing damage , improve the disease resistance of fruit trees , destroy the wintering place of pests , delay the germination and flowering of fruit trees, protect the fruit trees from the damage of spring night frost , and cure the tree pests and diseases , and prevent frostbite. The dual role of the worm. The proportion of white-agent is formulated: lime 10 to 12 parts, 2 parts of clay, 2 parts of liquid lime sulfur, 1 to 2 parts of salt, 36 to 40 parts of water, adding a small amount of pesticides, applied after mixing the trunk. The white-based trunk base position, height of about 1m, from top to bottom when applied to, coated on the trunk and branches, and branches on the trunk Southern focus coating sunny place, prior to coating the frozen fruit leaves the most appropriate .

 

5 , orchard deep

 

The use of winter leisure garden ploughing is not only an important measure to improve soil and promote fruit trees , but also an effective way to eliminate winter pests. There are many pests of fruit trees that are overwintering in the soil , such as peaches, heartworms, and jujubes . They can turn the deep pests and germs of the soil to the ground and freeze to death, die or be eaten by natural enemies , so that the underground pests can be buried. Can not be feathered and suffocated. The ploughing time is best carried out when the soil is near freezing, and the depth of ploughing is preferably 25 to 30 cm .

 

6 , trapping and killing pests

 

Using the unique selectivity of pests to the wintering field , after the autumn, tying grass or broken sacks on the trunk of the fruit tree , you can also hang the grass rafts on the trees , trap the pests and puer the winter , and then sprout the fruit trees in the spring of the next year. Before the saplings were removed, they were destroyed centrally.

 

Source: China Agriculture Network