First, we must pay attention to weather forecasts and early warning information

1. Public weather warning includes storm warning, address disaster weather warning and flood warning. From low to high, four levels of “blue, yellow, orange, and red” warning levels are used. When releasing yellow or higher levels of early warning or heavy rain, it is recommended to adjust the travel plan to minimize travel, especially if it is not rainy and enter the mountains and valleys. Before the rainstorm, go out of the mountain as soon as possible or avoid the safe areas to avoid entering the mountains and rivers. In the hazardous areas such as flood discharge areas, flood storage and detention areas, goaf areas and low-lying areas, first of all do not enter dangerous areas, and prevent accidents from the source.

2. If you live in a dilapidated cottage, a low-lying courtyard, a basement, a piedmont plain, or an address-prone area, you may choose to take precautions such as building walls, gates to prevent baffles, small pumps, and sandbags. Prepare for prevention in advance. The early warning signals, transfer routes and safe havens are well known in advance. When there is a danger, they must heed the transfer arrangements of relevant departments and evacuate them in a timely and orderly manner. If the danger is not touched, do not return to the original dangerous place of residence.

3 , try not to travel on a rainy day, if you have to travel, please understand the road conditions information, bypass the water road section in advance and prone to mountain and mudslides. When roads have accumulated water, motorists are not allowed to stay in low-lying areas such as Qiaodong, Shankou, and railway bridges. Vehicles driving on stagnant water roads must obey the traffic police for guidance and must not forcefully blindly pass in order to prevent vehicles from being turned off in the water. The water is in danger. Cyclists should get off the train and pay attention to observing and avoiding places where water whirlpools are flowing to prevent them from falling into boreholes and pits. When the road leading to traffic jams water, should make a rescue emergency lane, take the initiative to avoid rescue vehicles.

Second, social organizations should do a good job in prevention

Residential buildings, schools, hospitals, construction sites, enterprises and institutions, supervised sites, dangerous goods warehouses, tourist scenic spots, station wharves, and other key locations and key areas shall further strengthen various safety precautions to prevent various types of accidents from occurring due to public opinion. Health disasters. Tourist attractions should stop related entertainment projects, quickly work with relevant departments to do a good job of evacuation and transfer of dangerous goods such as the masses, tourists, and important materials, explosives and other highly toxic materials, minimizing casualties and property losses. In view of the possibility of water cuts and blackouts in some areas, prevention of public security accidents such as preventing fires, preventing gas poisoning, and preventing collapse of houses should be done.

The public security fire-fighting force has entered combat readiness, based on the idea of ​​“grabbing big risks and rescuing large disasters” and action preparations, strengthening the organization and leadership of emergency rescue work, refining plans for contingency plans, and strengthening the reserve of personal protective equipment.

Third, do a good job of special fire prevention work in rainy days

Many people know that it is easy to catch fire when it is dry and windy. Can that damp weather mean numbness? In fact, this is not the case. With the arrival of heavy rainfall, it is effective in preventing fires in the waste, waste, and wilderness forests. However, heavy rain does not mean that there is no fire, and the building interior does not pay attention to the use of fire. With electricity and gas, the risk of fire still exists. In particular, due to the humid climate, the electrical wiring is not tightly connected, or the electrical “return” suddenly turns on the current, etc., which are easy to cause fire. In addition, in this kind of weather, the citizens must also pay attention to lightning protection and lightning protection. The lightning strikes on the wires are easy to short-circuit.

High-humidity environment caused by rainfall, such as false connection of electrical lines or loosening of latches, is easy to generate an arc (commonly known as electric ignition). After testing, an arc capacity of 0.5 A is sufficient to ignite flammable materials, and the temperature of arc generated by 2 A current exceeds At 2000 degrees Celsius , arcs generally cause the insulation to burn first, which in turn ignites the appliance itself or the surrounding combustibles, causing a fire accident. Therefore, in continuous rainy weather, the unit should ask a professional electrician to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the internal electrical lines. In particular, the electric wires must be checked carefully. The unit and the public must insert the electric plug in the process of using electric appliances. Tight, that will give arc production conditions. In addition, we must put an end to human factors such as over-consumption of electricity, unauthorized use of wires, and management factors that cause fire accidents.

Fourth, stop climbing and other outdoor activities, away from dangerous areas

Once the heavy rainfall is frequent and the rainfall is relatively large, combined with the topography and landform features of mountainous areas and semi-mountainous areas, there is an increased possibility of landslides and mudslides occurring in the suburbs. After heavy rainfall, most of the weathered rocks are easy to loosen. At this time, the mountaineering itself is muddy and easily causes secondary disasters such as landslides, which can easily result in casualties and trapping. It is recommended that the general public not to engage in outdoor activities such as mountaineering during periods of heavy rainfall, so as to avoid being caught up in the mountains due to unexpected events such as landslides. Do not get involved in high-risk areas. It is strictly forbidden to explore untapped cliffs, caves, and crevices. The terrain is complex and sparsely populated. Once an accident occurs, it is difficult to rescue.

Even when climbing in good weather, always pay attention to safety and avoid getting lost. Before climbing, you must plan your climbing route, understand the road conditions in the mountains, and tell your relatives and friends about time, place, and route. Carry maps, compasses, mobile phones, torches, ropes, food, medicines, raincoats, knives, and other items. When choosing a mountainous area, you must choose a formal area. Do not enter the mountain without guidance. Must not seek to stimulate, venture to choose and enter unopened or untapped mountain areas, because these areas have complex terrain, there is no basic tourist facilities and there are blind spots for communication signals, and personal safety cannot be guaranteed. The color of clothes should be bright, in case of getting lost trapped, easy search and rescue personnel to find, and try to mount the mountains lightly, with less unnecessary debris to reduce the load. Once you get lost or trapped, you should stay calm and do not panic. If the mobile phone has a signal, it should immediately call the police or contact the local authorities to request assistance. If you have contact with the rescue team, you should wait for the rescue in the place where there are obvious signs or not. Do not feel lucky to go blind and try another way.

Fifth, to strengthen the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in the flood season, pay attention to health, uncomfortable and timely to the hospital

The poor sanitation conditions in flood-affected areas, especially the health of drinking water, cannot be guaranteed. The first thing to prevent is the intestinal infectious diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery, and hepatitis A. Secondly, zoonotic disease and naturally occurring diseases are also prone to occur during floods, such as the rat-borne infectious diseases: leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever; mosquito-borne diseases: malaria, Japanese encephalitis, Dengue fever and so on. Common skin diseases during the disaster: impregnated dermatitis, insect bite dermatitis, etc.; accidental injury: drowning, electric shock, heat stroke, trauma, poisonous insect bites, snake bites, food poisoning, pesticide poisoning and so on.

During and after the flood, in order to protect their health and reduce the incidence of diseases, the people in the disaster-stricken areas should:

1 , pay attention to drinking water hygiene. Do not drink raw water, drink only boiled water or bottled or bottled water that meets sanitary standards; water tanks, buckets, pots, pots, etc. must be kept clean, and often emptyed and washed; for well water, river water, and lake water Temporary drinking water in Tangshui must be disinfected; water with high turbidity and serious pollution must be clarified after adding alum; bleaching powder ( fines ) must be placed in a place protected from light, dry and cool ( such as tightening the bottle with a brown bottle). Cover storage ) .

2 , pay attention to food hygiene. Do not eat foods that have spoiled or been soaked in sewage; do not eat leftovers, do not eat cold food; do not eat drowned or dead poultry and aquatic products; separate raw and cooked foods; Don't buy foods at stalls without sanitation licenses.

3 , pay attention to environmental health. After the floodwater recedes, the sludge outside the residence should be eliminated, and gravel or new soil should be added; the well water sludge should be removed and the bleaching powder should be thrown in; the furniture should be cleaned and moved into the room; and the toilets should be renovated to repair the livestock and poultry. Do not urinate anywhere, and feces, excrement, and garbage should be discharged in designated areas.

4. Strengthen the management of livestock. The pigs must be kept in captivity and do a good job in the sanitation of pig houses. They should not allow their urine to be discharged directly into rivers, lakes and ponds, and pig manure should be used after fermentation. Manage cats, dogs and other poultry animals. Livestock poultry sheds should be regularly sprayed with mosquito repellent; the livestock manure in the sheds should also be cleared in time.

5 , do a good job of fly control, rodent control, rodent control and other vector biological control work. The feces and urine pits are filled with drugs to kill cockroaches; fly shoots are used indoors to kill flies; foods are covered with fly-proof covers; animal corpses are buried deep and the soil layer is compacted. Where the population is concentrated, it is also a place where the density of rodents is relatively high; when it is found that the abnormal increase of mice requires timely reporting to the local authorities. Keep the house and the nearby ground clean and dry. Do not sit and rest on the haystack.

6 , pay attention to the hand clean, do not rub your eyes with hands, especially dirty hands. Each person's towel, washbasin and handkerchief should be used alone. If they have to share the washbasin with infected patients, they should be used first by healthy people and then by the patient. Wash the washbasin with soap.

7. If you feel unwell, seek medical advice promptly. In particular, patients with fever and diarrhea should seek medical assistance as soon as possible.

8 , to prevent skin abrasions, should keep the skin clean and dry, wipe your sweat with a towel, etc.. You can puff some powder in the wrinkled area of ​​the skin. When the water work, rest once every 1 to 2 hours. After each work left the water, be sure to wash your feet and wear dry shoes. When it is found that the skin on the foot is deteriorating and tends to increase, you should temporarily not apply water. If you must go into the water, try to wear boots. Foot skin disease should be less water.

9. In the endemic area of ​​schistosomiasis (Southern), the best way to prevent schistosomiasis is to avoid contact with epidemic water. Before contact with the water, apply protective agents such as anti-dusting cream and leather to avoid enemies, etc., and wear protective articles such as rubber boots, rubber gloves, and rubber pants. Contact with the epidemic should take the initiative to go to the blood prevention department to check and find that the infection should be treated early to prevent the disease.

10 , pay attention to mental health. Maintain a positive psychological state and maintain a good life pattern.

11 , concerned about special population care. For the elderly, the weak and the sick, try to create a better living and living environment to reduce the incidence of diseases and death.

Sixth, traffic safety during flood season

( 1 ) Preparation for departure

Before leaving the car, the windshield wiper, brake, light, and tire light safety inspection items must not be missed. Be sure to inspect. The more worn tires should not be used during the flood season. When the key is not available, the car will be in bad condition.

( 2 ), Driving Points

1 , make good use of car language

Although the horns are easily mistaken for urging and impolite, rain and fog travel in the urban areas and on the provincial roads. The horns really work. The horns have strong penetrating power and the sound is transmitted far away. It is a good reminder to passing vehicles and pedestrians.

If the weather becomes gloomy and heavy rain, turn on the low beam lights and fog lights in time to provide better recognition of the front and rear vehicles.

Heavy rain, the sky is too dark, do not drive lightly, but to leave the road, parking and rest. The highway encounters heavy rain. It is best to leave from the nearest exit or enter the nearest service area.

2 , ensure the line of sight

The driver should open the wiper in time and adjust the speed of the wiper in time according to the rainfall so as to ensure that the line of sight is good and accurate.

When the storm outside the car outside the air temperature is lower than the car, will make the car glass condensation on a layer of fog. If there is frost on the front windshield, you need to turn on the air-conditioning and blow cold air to the front windshield (it can also reduce the heat caused by closing the window); if there is frost on the rear windshield, you must open the rear windshield. The glass heater eliminates frost as soon as possible so as not to see the rear of the vehicle.

The main factor directly affecting driving safety in rainy days is “visibility”. Rearview mirrors are more blurry than usual and do not line up frequently. Because the random lane change makes the rear-driver unprepared, even if the rear-driver responds, but because the rain becomes the "lubricant" between the tire's ground, he only watches his rear-end.

3 , steadily driving

Due to the low adhesion coefficient of tires in the rainy days, the friction of the brake discs decreases, and the braking distance of the vehicles is significantly longer. In case of emergency, it is difficult to brake in time, which often leads to traffic accidents such as rear-end collisions and side-turns. Driving, use brakes with caution. When driving on a rainy day in the city, use low gears as much as possible. The speed should not exceed 40Km/h .

On the highway, the speed is best controlled within 60 ~ 80Km/h . When driving in heavy rain, try to maintain a certain distance from the vehicle in front, do not get too close to the car, and do not frequently overtake and change lanes. Especially when it comes to overtaking a large vehicle, splashes of the big car will make the driver of the car look unsettled outside the car within a few seconds. This will easily lead to accidents.

Keeping high speed on rainy days, often accelerate and decelerate. In the case of sudden acceleration, splashing rainwater may be sucked into the intake pipe, causing damage to the vehicle.

4 , not close to the car

Drive with heavy rain, do not get too close to the car, try to stretch the safety distance. In particular, on the highway, you should keep a safe distance from the vehicle ahead, and do not follow large trucks. In addition, attention must be paid to keeping the lateral distance between the vehicle and the right and left sides of the vehicle to prevent the vehicle from colliding sideways when the visibility is low.

When a vehicle turns, it should decelerate before entering the curve, and turning the steering wheel should not be too fast. When there is a puddle on the surface of the road when you are driving at high speed, do not make a sudden brake to avoid the vehicle getting out of control.

5 , guard against water slide

During heavy rain, water will accumulate on the road surface, prone to longer braking distances and slippage. To grasp the steering wheel with both hands, try to keep a straight line and concentrate.

In the rainy days, I suddenly found that I would walk through a section of stagnant water. The driver had to hold the steering wheel with both hands, avoiding random directions, and not being able to brake in an emergency. Emergency braking and indiscriminate play may increase the severity of water slippage and tail flick.

In the event of a slippage, the driver must remain calm and follow the principle of “different after the same as before”. When the rear wheels slide sideways, the direction is to be corrected in the same direction as the sideslip; the front wheels are to be skidded and the direction is corrected in the opposite direction of the sideslip.

6 , prudent lane change

During the flood season, the number of water damage road sections will increase. When the highway department repairs, it is possible to adopt "one-way direction" traffic control. Some sections of the road construction even require the driver to change lanes, and the driver can only make correct decisions if he only finds the relevant signs of the construction unit in a timely manner. Therefore, the construction section should be slowed down to ensure the personal safety of the construction workers and themselves.

Some road sections are badly damaged, so it is easy to identify avoidance on sunny days. It is difficult to judge the depth of the rainy days because the pits are filled with rain, and the wheels may be injured by these traps. Therefore, in the section of road construction, avoid crossing the abduction and be careful.

The sight is not good on rainy days. Do not overtake or change lanes easily. If you need emergency parking on the expressway, you must choose a straight line with a good line of sight. Do not choose a curve or choose to be near the bridge (because the bridge is prone to fogging and the line of sight is poor).

If a vehicle malfunctions or a traffic accident, immediately turn on the double flashing lights and place a reflective triangle sign 150 meters away from the direction of the incoming vehicle. The people in the vehicle should not be lazy, but should quickly move outside the guardrail and then wait for the rescue. It would rather rain, and do not ignore the possibility that one's own vehicle will be hit by a vehicle.

7 , protect pedestrians

Before the rain, pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, and electric vehicle drivers rushed to get back home. They were in a state of panic and occupied lanes, and their attention to traffic conditions was even worse than usual.

In the rain, pedestrians and two-wheeler drivers are obscured by umbrellas and raincoats because of their eyesight and hearing. Therefore, their judgment on motor vehicles is inaccurate and unresponsive. Once in an emergency situation, it is easy to panic and do not understand avoidance.

At the same time, the driver will also have an anxiety of grabbing time, and the vehicle will drive faster than usual in the subconscious.

In extreme weather, car drivers must take more responsibility than pedestrians. Do not be paralyzed and drive according to the prescribed lanes to avoid frequent line-ups.

At the crossroads, in the sections where there are many pedestrians, and in the sections where motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles are combined, the driver always observes the dynamics of pedestrians and vehicles on the roadside. Deceleration in advance, whistle tips, patience, do not grab pedestrians and bicycles.

( 3 ) Emergency Response

1 , preferred parking

In deeper sections of the water, the preferred route is to bypass rather than force it through.

During periods of heavy rainstorms, it is advisable to stop by and wait until after the storm. However, do not stop underneath trees and billboards and other objects. In times of severe typhoons, we must also prevent sideways winds from causing rollovers.

2 , water pass

The first choice for the stagnant water section is bypassing. If it is not possible to bypass, we must control the speed of the water to avoid the influx of water waves into the engine compartment.

In sections of the road that are familiar with road conditions, wading water may be considered if only half of the tire is flooded in the deepest part of the water. Note that the rush will splash and make wet water easy to enter the engine intake system. To stabilize the throttle with one block, go straight at low speed. Must not stop, shift or make a quick direction.

The right way is to hang gears, less fuel, slow and even, and in one go. Engine at 4000 r / min, the torque of the engine can be made to play offset resistance, remained stable uniform. At the same time, you must control the throttle, do not slam on the throttle, otherwise it will increase the resistance, the tire is easy to slip, it may cause the engine to surge and cause the water droplets to inhale.

Also, do not go into the water with the vehicle in front of the vehicle to prevent the vehicle from malfunctioning and stop at the water depth. In addition, the waves raged from the front of the vehicle may lead to water intake. When both directions are wading, try to stagger the wading time as much as possible, otherwise the waves pushed up by the opposing vehicle can also cause the inlet to flood.

The places where there are waves and whirlpools are likely to have larger rocks or other obstacles, and where the water is calmer, the water is generally deeper. The surface of the water is open and has more uniform crushing places. Generally, the water is shallow and the bottom is mostly gravel. It is an ideal route for driving through. Specific analysis of the specific situation does not mean that you do not risk your own risk.

In the unfamiliar section of the road, if it is not clear enough, you can no longer drive through. Most people do not have the ability to visually determine the slope of a road. They think that steep slopes and rushing into the water may cause dangerous situations. (especially underpasses, underpasses, deep trench tunnels)

If the water level is too high when wading, the depth of the water exceeds the exhaust pipe, which is very easy to turn off the vehicle. The brake pads will fail when they enter the water, causing the vehicle to turn (slide) into the river.

In the process of wading, you may encounter a flameout. Do not attempt to start it again. Otherwise, the engine will be reimbursed for the influent and the repair cost will be high. At this point, contact the insurance company as soon as possible and inform the 4S shop for help. You can also ask passers-by to help drive the car out of the water and fix it as soon as possible.

In the process of wading, we encounter flameout. If we are trapped by heavy rain, the rain does not diminish, and the water is in a hurry, we must abandon the car to escape, and call the rescue phone in time. If you can't get your car out of trouble, you must be willing to give it up. You cannot be indecisive and will delay the timing of your own rescue. Before wading into the water, you can first use ID bags, mobile phones and other valuables wrapped in plastic bags to avoid moisture, wading to pay attention to whirlpool when giving up vehicles.

3 , parking to avoid rain

During the rainy season, there are many rains and loose roads, such as sections of the Linhe section and steep cliffs, should be guarded by the driver to prevent the risk of landslides and landslides. It is difficult to pass due to road collapse and it is necessary to bypass the road. Do not force it to avoid danger.

Temporary parking, we must observe the surrounding situation, it is recommended that the vehicle parked in a high ground, open space, to avoid staying in the billboards, temporary buildings, steep hills, under the dead trees.

After the car reaches its destination, it is necessary to pay attention to whether the flood control safety of the parking lot and underground parking garage is perfect, so that after the typhoon, it is necessary to go to the water for fishing. If you park on the edge of the building, you should pay attention to whether there are flower pots or debris on the top so as not to find that the vehicle was damaged by the flower pot when picking up the vehicle the next morning.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.