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Tea garden summer fertilization considerations
After the tea tree is continuously picked, a large amount of nutrients in the body are consumed. When the temperature is high in summer, the soil is compacted, the weeds are clumped, and the soil fertility is reduced, and the insect pests are more, which affects normal growth. Therefore, the main task of summer tea garden management is to restore the vitality of tea trees, create a good ecological environment, and achieve high quality and high yield of summer and autumn tea.
Weeding and loosening soil. Preventing grassland shortage is an important part of summer tea garden management. Usually 10 cm in the canopy drip line, 20 cm outside the drip line, and excavate stones, weeds and haystacks, break up the clods, loosen the soil, make it ventilate, permeable, improve storage and supply of water and fertilizer Ability to accelerate soil ripening, form a soft and fertile tillage layer, promote the early growth of tea trees, and increase the yield of summer and autumn tea.
Follow the summer fertilizer. After the spring tea is picked, the nutrients in the tree are consumed in large quantities, the new shoots stop growing, and the root growth is strengthened. Therefore, it is necessary to fertilize the tree nutrients in time. According to the test, 100 kilograms of tea is generally collected from the tea garden, and 10 kilograms of pure nitrogen should be compensated to maintain the original fertility level of the soil. If 150 kg of dry tea is expected to be produced per mu, 15 kg of pure nitrogen should be applied, of which 5 kg is used as base fertilizer and 10 kg is used as top dressing. Organic fertilizers such as vegetable cakes, compost, manure, green manure, etc., or as base fertilizer every year or every other year, can be used as a separate application, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. In the tea garden fertilization, the number of top dressings can be more appropriate, so that the seasonal distribution of available nitrogen content in the soil is relatively balanced, and more nutrients can be absorbed at various peaks of growth to increase annual production. The application twice a year is: 60% before spring tea and 40% before summer tea. Applying 3 times a year is: 40%, 30%, 30%, or 50%, 25%, 25% before spring tea, summer tea, and autumn tea, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 2-4. :1:1. Generally, 15 kg of urea is applied per mu of tea plantation in summer fertilizer, 11.5 kg of calcium or calcium magnesium phosphate, 7.5 kg of potassium chloride, combined with weeding of tea garden loose soil, and a depth of 12-15 cm deep in the outer edge of the tea tree canopy drip line. The small ditch is covered immediately after deep application. It is best to apply summer tea fertilizer from late May to early June.
Trim the canopy. The tea tree pruning that is put into production in the tea garden generally uses only light pruning and deep pruning. Deep pruning is mainly used for tea tree branches that are too dense, and there are chicken claws and back dead branches, a large number of tea leaves occur, and tea yield is significantly reduced. The depth of the deep trim is to cut off the 10-15 cm branches on the canopy. Deep pruning has a certain impact on the current year's output; it is usually carried out every 5-7 years after the tea tree begins to appear aging. Light trimming is to cut off the branches on the crown surface, generally cut about 3-5 cm, and the trimming period should be carried out before the end of May.
Control pests and diseases. The summer tea garden focuses on the prevention and control of tea cake disease and tea bud, and the focus of insect pests is tea caterpillars and tea mites. Tea cake disease mainly harms new shoots and young leaves, and the lesions are sunken on the front of the leaves, and the back surface is a taro-like protrusion, and produces gray-white powdery spores. Spraying with 0.2%-0.5% copper sulfate solution during the control, spraying once every 7 days, even spraying 2-3 times. The diseased leaves caused by tea bud disease are distorted, irregular, coke-like, black or dark brown, usually occurring on the young leaves of summer tea. Available in 70% methyl thiophanate 75-100 g per acre and 50 kg water spray. Spray once every 7 days. The larvae of tea caterpillars, tea mites and other larvae can eat all the leaves when they are eating tender young leaves. When they are serious, they can use 90% of the wettable trichlorfon powder 100-150g per acre, and spray 45kg with water, every 5- Spray once every 7 days.
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