The fruit tree mainly relies on the root hair to absorb the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is applied to the concentrated distribution area of ​​the root hair, which can improve the utilization rate. Generally, the horizontal root distribution of fruit trees is about 1.0 to 1.5 times that of the canopy, and the vertical distribution varies with tree species, soil quality, and management level. The absorption roots of apples, pears and grapes are concentrated in the depth of soil layer 40 to 60 cm, while peach, plum, apricot and plum are about 40 cm. According to the above characteristics, combined with fertilizer characteristics, organic fertilizer should be applied in depth; chemical fertilizers can be applied shallowly. Clear Pvc Granules,Rigid Pvc Compound,Pvc Compound PVC Compound,Filter Biomedia Co., Ltd. , http://www.chpvcprofile.com
Fruit tree science fertilization skills
I. Fertilization time Organic fertilizer is applied in autumn (from September to November), which is beneficial to fertilizer decomposing, decomposition, absorption and storage, and root healing. It is conducive to the growth of fruit trees, fruit set and spring shoots in the second year; Yuchun fertilizes more of its ills, which tends to cause low fruit setting and tree stripping. Fertilizer and compound fertilizer should be applied in autumn; topdressing should be carried out 1 to 3 times after flowering and fruit expansion.
Second, fertilization method 1, ring ditch application, also known as wheel fertilization. A circular groove is drilled a little further from the periphery of the canopy. The groove is 30 to 50 cm wide and 20 to 40 cm deep. The fertilizer is applied to the ditch, mixed with the soil and covered, and the orientation and depth are rotated every year.
2, radial ditch application. At a distance of 1 m from the trunk, 5 to 8 grooves of 30 to 50 cm in width are radially swollen in the direction of growth of the roots, and the fertilizer is applied. The position can be changed every other year or every 2 years, and the fertilization area can be expanded year by year. When digging trenches, pay attention to the inner shallow depth to minimize the cutting of large roots.
3, strip-shaped ditch application. In addition to the drip line outside the canopy, the strips are 20 to 30 cm wide and 30 cm deep and the fertilizer is applied. It can also be combined with deep turning to change the position every year. Use mechanized operation for orchards cultivated in wide rows.
4, point-like fertilization. Outside the drip line outside the canopy, 3 to 5 holes are drilled every 50 cm or so, 30 cm in diameter and 20 to 30 cm deep. This method is mostly used for top dressing, which can reduce the contact surface between fertilizer and soil and avoid being fixed by soil.
5, full application. In the orchard, the crown of the orchard has been handed over, and the root system has been used in the whole garden. After the fertilizer is spread on the ground, it is turned about 30 cm deep. However, due to the shallow application of fertilizer, the root system is often induced to float. It should be used alternately with other fertilization methods to complement each other.
Third, the amount of fertilizer is generally 100 kg per fruit, 100 to 200 kg of organic fertilizer; the pure amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is about 0.5 kg and is applied in stages.
Fourth, note 1, avoid organic fertilizer, such as chicken manure, etc., too concentrated, so as not to decompose the fertilizer to produce heat alkanes, causing fat damage.
2, avoid the application of nitramine. It is easy to absorb nitrate nitrogen fertilizer during fruit growth. If the nitrate is applied, the fruit tree absorbs too much nitrate ions, which is easy to cause accumulation poisoning.
3, avoid the lack of water to apply ammonium bicarbonate. Ammonium bicarbonate is extremely unstable and volatile. It should be used in the wet condition of the orchard or after watering, and should be covered immediately after application.
4, avoid applying urea after watering. The nitrogen contained in urea can be absorbed and utilized by the roots of fruit trees under the action of soil microorganisms. If water is applied immediately after applying urea, it is easy to lose a large amount of ammonia. Generally, it should be watered after 3 days of use (buried).
5, the fertilization method should be rotated every other year, not a single method for years.
6. Timely supplement crops' demand for trace elements and apply microbial fertilizer.
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