Wheat blight is a very common disease when farmers grow wheat. Once this disease occurs, it will seriously affect wheat yield. So, how to prevent wheat blight?
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How to prevent wheat blight?
Wheat Blight - Main Hazardous Site
It mainly harms the immature ears and stems of wheat, and also damages leaves and sheaths.
Wheat septoria nodorum - damage symptoms
The disease of the ear occurs first on the top or upper spikelets, and the husk begins with a dark brown spot, which becomes pale white and spreads to the entire glume, which is covered with hyphae and small black spots; the stem section is brownish The lesion can invade the catheter and block it, causing the segment to be distorted and distorted, and the upper stem is broken and died; the leaf is stained with a long fusiform pale brown spot, which then expands into an irregular large spot with a yellowish edge. Halo, the center is grayish white, the small black spots on it, the flag leaves are twisted and dying. After the onset of leaf sheath, it turns yellow and leaves the leaves dry.
Wheat septoria nodorum - morphological characteristics
The conidia are dark brown, oblate, and buried under the host's epidermis. The size is 80-144×1.88——15.4, slightly exposed. The conidia are long cylindrical, slightly curved, colorless, and simple, with a size of 15 - 32 × 2 - 4, and 1 - 3 compartments when mature.
Wheat Blight Disease - Transmission Pathway
In the winter wheat area, the pathogen is attached to the seed in summer, and in the autumn, the wheat seedling is invaded, and the mycelium is overwintered on the diseased plant. In the spring wheat area, the conidia and mycelium overwinter on the diseased body, and the conditions are appropriate in the following year, and the conidia are released to infect the spring wheat, which is transmitted by wind and rain.
Wheat Blight Disease - Incidence Condition
The infestation temperature is 10-25 °C, and the optimum temperature is 22-24 °C. The incubation period is 7-14 days. High temperature and rainy conditions are conducive to the occurrence and spread of the blight. The field of continuous cropping is heavy. Spring wheat is planted late, and nitrogen fertilizer is applied. The growth period is delayed and the disease is aggravated. Use diseased seeds and unfertilized organic fertilizer, the incidence is heavy.
How to prevent wheat blight?
(1) Select disease-free seeds. Wheat can not be kept in the field of stalk blight.
(2) Remove the sick body, and plough the stalks after the wheat harvest. Eliminate self-produced wheat seedlings and lower the source of summer and wintering. Implemented for more than 2 years of rotation. Spring wheat is planted early and timely, applying fully decomposed organic fertilizer, adding phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and adopting formula fertilization technology to enhance the disease resistance of plants.
(3) 50% Dufu mixture powder for medicinal control seed treatment (carbendazim: thiram is 1:1:500 times liquid soaking for 48 hours or 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 70% thiophanate-methyl ( A denture base city Tianjin) wettable powders, 40% wettable powder dressing double, according to the amount of 0.2% seed dressing.
It can also be used with 25% triazolone (powdering rust) wettable powder 75g mixed with 100kg or 0.03% triazolol (hydroxy rust) (active ingredient) seed dressing, 0.15% thiabendazole (active ingredient) Seed dressing.
In the severely ill area, spray 70% mancozeb WP 600 times solution or 75% chlorothalonil WP 800-1000 times solution, 1:1:140 times Bordeaux mixture, 25% bacteria in wheat heading stage. Ling emulsifiable oil 800 - 1000 times liquid, 25% propiconazole (enemy force off) emulsifiable oil 2000 times liquid, every 15 - 20 days, spray 1 - 3 times.
Wheat Blight Disease Control Method
The above is the main content of the occurrence and control of wheat blight. The control of wheat blight must follow a scientific and reasonable method. Through effective management and diligent work, the purpose of cost-effectiveness, high quality, high efficiency and high yield can be achieved.
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